Thermal bridges occur when there is a difference in thermal conductivity between two materials or when there is an area of the building that is poorly insulated. Common examples of thermal bridges include metal studs or beams that penetrate through wall insulation, concrete balconies that extend inside a building, or poorly insulated windows.
Limitations of Infrared Thermometers
While infrared thermometers are invaluable for various temperature measurement tasks, they do have limitations when it comes to detecting thermal bridges:
- Surface Temperature Measurement: Infrared thermometers measure surface temperatures and are not capable of measuring the temperature within a material or structure. They can only detect temperature differences on the surface of the object being measured.
- Superficial Detection: The detection capability of infrared thermometers is limited to the outer surface of the material being measured. Therefore, it may not be able to identify thermal bridges that occur within the structure or behind wall layers.
- Insulation Thickness: Infrared thermometers may not accurately detect thermal bridges in the presence of thick insulation. The surface temperature measured may not reflect the temperature difference caused by the thermal bridge.
Additional Techniques for Detecting Thermal Bridges
While infrared thermometers have their limitations in detecting thermal bridges, there are other techniques that can be used in conjunction with them to enhance detection:
- Thermal Imaging Cameras: Thermal imaging cameras capture infrared radiation emitted by materials and convert it into a visual image, allowing for a comprehensive view of temperature variations across surfaces. These cameras provide a more detailed understanding of the extent and location of thermal bridges.
- Thermographic Surveys: Professional thermographers employ thermographic surveys as an effective method for identifying thermal bridges. These surveys use highly sensitive infrared cameras to scan the building envelope, providing visual evidence of areas with higher heat transfer.
- Moisture Detection: Moisture intrusion can contribute to the formation of thermal bridges. Utilizing moisture detection tools like moisture meters or infrared cameras equipped with moisture sensors can help identify areas with increased potential for thermal bridges.
While infrared thermometers can provide limited assistance in identifying thermal bridges by detecting surface temperature differences, they are not the primary tool to rely on for comprehensive detection. Thermal imaging cameras and professional thermographic surveys offer more detailed insight into the presence and extent of thermal bridges. To accurately identify and address thermal bridges, it is recommended to consult a professional with expertise in energy efficiency and diagnostics.